美国富人如何合法避税方法？图中分三种情况，说明富人如何通过巧妙设计收入和资产，减少甚至完全避免缴税。下面是详细中文解释：

美国富人如何合法避税方法？图中分三种情况，说明富人如何通过巧妙设计收入和资产，减少甚至完全避免缴税。下面是详细中文解释：

第一种情况：普通人（NORMAL） —— 工资收入，缴税最多
• CEO领取 100万美元的工资
• 工资作为 普通收入，需要缴纳大约 40% 的所得税
• 税后只剩 60万美元可用
大多数普通打工人就是这样赚钱、这样被征税的。税率最高，留在自己手里的钱最少。

第二种情况：少交税（LESS TAX） —— 股票变现，税率更低
• CEO 拥有 价值100万美元的公司股票
• 他选择 出售股票换现金
• 股票增值部分缴纳的是 资本利得税（capital gains tax），税率大约 25%，比工资收入低
• 税后留下约 75万美元
富人通过股票获取财富，然后以较低税率出售，节税效果显著。

第三种情况：不交税（NO TAX） —— 股票抵押贷款，避开所有税
• CEO 拥有 100万美元的公司股票，不出售
• 他用这些股票 作为抵押，从银行贷款
• 拿到贷款后，像使用“收入”一样 花这笔钱
• 因为贷款 不是收入，所以不需要缴税
• 股票仍然继续升值
• 只有等他哪天真正卖掉股票时，才需要缴资本利得税
表面上他“没有收入”，但实际上用贷款在生活，实现完全合法的避税。

关键：富人用的是 “买 - 抵押 - 等死” 策略
俗称 “Buy, Borrow, Die”，步骤如下：
1. 买入或持有不断升值的资产（如股票、地产）
2. 用资产抵押贷款，生活花销靠贷款，不是收入 → 不缴税
3. 去世时资产传给子女，根据美国法律享有“成本基础调升（step-up basis）”，
→ 子女几乎不需缴纳资本利得税

This image titled "How Rich People Pay No Taxes" explains in simple terms how wealthy individuals—especially company founders and CEOs—legally minimize or even eliminate taxes through how they handle their compensation and wealth.

1. NORMAL – Regular Salary = High Taxes
• A CEO receives $1 million salary.
• Salary is taxed as ordinary income at a high marginal rate (about 40% in the U.S.).
• After tax, the CEO keeps only $600K.
This is how most people earn and are taxed.

2. LESS TAX – Stock Compensation + Sell
• Instead of salary, the CEO owns $1 million worth of company stock.
• He sells the stock to get cash.
• Pays 25% capital gains tax, which is lower than income tax.
• Keeps $750K after tax.
Stock profits are taxed at a lower rate than salaries, so selling stock is more tax-efficient.

3. NO TAX – Borrow Against Stock
• The CEO still has $1 million worth of stock, but doesn’t sell it.
• Instead, he uses the stock as collateral to get a bank loan.
• He spends the loan like income, but:
o Loans are not taxed because they’re not income.
o His stocks continue to grow in value.
• He only pays capital gains if and when he eventually sells the stock.
On paper, he has no income, so pays no tax now. Meanwhile, he lives off borrowed money backed by appreciating assets.

Key Insight
This illustrates the "Buy, Borrow, Die" strategy used by many wealthy individuals:
1. Buy/hold appreciating assets (like stock).
2. Borrow against those assets to live tax-free.
3. When they die, heirs may receive the assets with a step-up in cost basis, meaning no tax is ever paid on the growth.